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Irregular Menses

What are Irregular Menses?

Menstruation is the part of menstrual cycle in which the uterus sheds its lining and bleeding takes place from vagina. It generally ranges from 21 to 35 days amongst most women and lasts for 2-7 days. Irregular Menses occur when:

  • One gets periods before 21 days or after 35 days
  • Missing regular 3-4 periods
  • Menstrual flow is less or heavy than usual
  • Periods that last for more than 7 days
  • Pain, cramping, nausea or vomiting during periods
What are the causes of Irregular Menses?

Irregular Menses can occur due to a variety of reasons, namely:

  • PCOS
  • Hormonal imbalance certain medicines
  • Cervix/uterus cancer
  • Endometriosis
  • Polyp
  • Cyst
  • Fibroids
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease
  • Bad eating habits
  • Stress
Which Benign conditions cause Irregular Menses?

There are certain benign conditions that cause Irregular Menses, namely:

Fibroid – Fibroids are non-cancerous abnormal growths in a woman’s uterus that often become very large and cause severe abdominal pain as well as heavy bleeding. They occur due to hormones imbalance, family background or enlarge during pregnancy.

Cyst – Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled pockets in the ovary that are usually harmless & painless. They are very common and generally every woman develops atleast one cyst in her lifetime. Majority of the times, they go on their own and don’t require any treatment. But when they become bigger and create problems like severe abdominal pain, pain with fever, dizziness, weakness and fast breathing, then you require immediate medical treatment.

Polyp – Polyps in the cervix are abnormal growth of tissues that appear small, flat bumps and are non-cancerous. They generally cause no symptoms but at times include heavy bleeding during menstruation or sex and abnormal vaginal discharge. Patients might need to get them surgically removed as a precaution for future development of cancer.

Which malignant conditions cause Irregular Menses?

Cervix/Uterus Cancer – Uterus is a hollow, pear shaped organ in the woman’s reproductive system. Baby grows in it during pregnancy. Cervix is lower part of uterus that connects vagina to outside of body. Cervix/Uterus cancer occurs when cells in these regions undergo abnormal changes and start dividing uncontrollably, thereby forming tumours. In such cases, there is heavy vaginal bleeding along with abnormal vaginal discharge and pain in abdomen.

Sometimes ovarian and fallopian tubal cancer may also cause abnormal bleeding.