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What is scabies? Scabies is an infestation of mites (tiny insects) characterized by small, red bumps and intense itching. This highly contagious infection often spreads from person to person while…
What is a scar? A scar is the body's natural way of healing and replacing lost or damaged skin. A scar is usually composed of fibrous tissue. Scars may be…
What is schizophrenia? Schizophrenia is one of the most complex of all mental health disorders. It involves a severe, chronic, and disabling disturbance of the brain. And, what was once…
What is sciatica? Sciatica, also known as lumbar radiculopathy, is a pain that originates along the sciatic nerve, which extends from the back of the pelvis down the back of…
What is scleroderma? Scleroderma, also called systemic sclerosis, is a chronic, degenerative disease that affects the joints, skin, and internal organs. Scleroderma is also associated with blood vessel abnormalities. Scleroderma…
What is scoliosis? A normal spine, when viewed from behind, appears straight. However, a spine affected by scoliosis shows evidence of a lateral, or side-to-side curvature, with the spine looking…
What is seasonal affective disorder? Seasonal affective disorder, or SAD, is a mood disorder characterized by depression related to a certain season of the year - especially winter. However, SAD…
What are sebaceous cysts? Sebaceous cysts are harmless, slow-growing bumps under the skin, often appearing on the scalp, face, ears, back, or groin area. The cysts usually contain dead skin…
What is seborrheic dermatitis? Seborrheic dermatitis is an inflammation of the upper layers of skin, characterized by red, itchy skin that sheds scales. A hereditary condition, seborrheic dermatitis is often…
What is epilepsy? Epilepsy is a neurological condition involving the brain that makes people more susceptible to having seizures. It is one of the most common disorders of the nervous…
What is septicemia? Septicemia is the clinical name for blood poisoning. Septicemia that progresses to septic shock has a death rate as high as 50 percent, depending on the type…
What is SARS? Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a rapidly spreading, potentially fatal infectious viral disease. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), SARS was recognized…
What is shingles? Shingles, or herpes zoster, is a common viral infection of the nerves, which results in a painful rash or small blisters on an area of skin anywhere…
What is dislocation of the shoulder? Dislocation of the shoulder means the displacement of the upper arm bone (humerus) out of the shoulder joint. The shoulder joint is the most…
What is the shoulder? The shoulder is made up of several layers, including the following: bones - the collarbone (clavicle), the shoulder blade (scapula), and the upper arm bone (humerus).…
What is shoulder tendonitis? Tendonitis of the shoulder is an inflammation of the rotator cuff and/or biceps tendon. Shoulder tendonitis is usually the result of a tendon being pinched by…
What is sickle cell disease? Sickle cell disease is an inherited blood disorder characterized by defective hemoglobin (a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the tissues of…
What are sinuses? The sinuses are cavities, or air-filled pockets, that are near the nasal passage. There are four different types of sinuses: ethmoid sinus - located inside the face,…
Treatment Programs Massachusetts General Hospital understands that a variety of factors influence patients' health care decisions. That's just one reason why we're dedicated to ensuring patients understand their diagnosis and…
What are skin pigment disorders? Skin color is determined by a pigment (melanin) made by specialized cells in the skin (melanocytes). The amount and type of melanin determines a person's…
What is snoring? Snoring is the sound that occurs during sleep when flow of air is obstructed in the area where the tongue and upper throat meet the soft palate…
What are soft-tissue injuries? Many activities can lead to soft-tissue damage of muscles, ligaments, and tendons. The result can be pain, swelling, bruising, and damage. Soft-tissue injuries are classified as…
What is spasmodic dysphonia? Spasmodic dysphonia, also called laryngeal dystonia, is a voice disorder. It is characterized by involuntary spasms or movements in the muscles of the larynx, which causes…
What is an acute spinal cord injury? The spinal cord is a bundle of nerves that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body. Acute spinal cord…
What is a sprain? A sprain is a wrenching or twisting injury or tear to a ligament. Sprains often affect the ankles, knees, or wrists. What is a strain? A…
What is squamous cell carcinoma? Squamous cell skin cancer (sometimes referred to as non-melanoma carcinoma) may appear as nodules, or as red, scaly patches of skin. Who is at risk…
What is staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome? Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is a response to a staphylococcal infection and is characterized by peeling skin. The disease mostly affects infants, young children,…
What is stomach cancer? Stomach cancer, also known as gastric cancer, is cancer that starts in any part of the stomach. The stomach is just one of many organs located…
What is a stomach or duodenal ulcer? About one in 10 Americans develops at least one ulcer during his or her lifetime. Many people have surgery because of persistent symptoms…
What is Gallbladder Cancer? Gallbladder cancer is a rare type of cancer that starts in the inside lining cells of the gallbladder. The gallbladder is a hollow sack located under…
What is stroke? Stroke, also called brain attack, occurs when blood flow to the brain is disrupted. Disruption in blood flow is caused when either a blood clot blocks one…
What is substance abuse/chemical dependence? There are three different terms used to define substance-related disorders, including the following: substance abuse Substance abuse is used to describe a pattern of substance…
What are the symptoms of multiple pregnancy The following are the most common symptoms of multiple pregnancy. However, each woman may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms of multiple pregnancy may include:…
What is lupus? Systemic lupus erythematosus, also known as SLE, or simply lupus, is a disease that is characterized by periodic episodes of inflammation of and damage to the joints,…
What is Spinal Dysraphism? Spinal Dysraphism refers to the neurological disorders related to the malformations of the spinal cord. What is Spina Bifida? Spina Bifida is one of the most…
What is Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage? Spontaneous Intracranial Hemorrhage is a blood clot that occurs within the brain tissue or ventricles in the absence of trauma or surgery. It calls for…
What is a Seizure? A Seizure is a sudden surge in the brain’s electrical activity that happens due to chemical changes occurring in nerve cells. It occurs for a short…
What is Stroke? A stroke refers to “brain attack” that occurs when blood supply to an area of brain is cut off and due to this, brain cells in that…
What is Scleroderma? Scleroderma refers to the disease of connective tissues in which your skin hardens and tightens. Generally, it affects only the skin but in some people it even…
What is Sjogren’s Syndrome? Sjogren’s Syndrome is an autoimmune disease in which the mucous membranes and moisture-secreting glands of your eyes and mouth are affected. As a result of this,…
What is Sports Injury? Sports Injury is an injury that occurs when you are playing sports or exercising. It can affect any part of your body that includes your muscles,…
What is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus? Systemic Lupus Erythematosus/SLE is an autoimmune disease in which the person’s body produces abnormal antibodies in their blood that attack the tissues within its own…
What is Sebaceous Cyst? Sebaceous Cyst is a non-cancerous cyst of the skin that is slightly hard and filled with fluid. It can occur anywhere on the body but the…
What is Salivary Gland Neoplasm? Salivary Gland Neoplasm is a rare type of cancer that starts in one of the salivary glands. Salivary Gland makes saliva that perform various function…
What is Sepsis? Sepsis is a very serious medical condition in which the chemicals produced by a person`s immune system releases into the blood stream and instead of fighting against…
What is Supraspinatus Tendinitis? Supraspinatus Tendinitis, also known as Rotator cuffs disease, is a condition of the shoulder in which the tendons of the Supraspinatus muscles (part of rotator cuff…
What do you mean by Short Stature? Short Stature is a general term used for people whose height is much shorter when compared to the height of their peers. This…
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